Derivative of Rotation Matrix Direct Matrix Derivation of Well Known Formula

In motion Kinematics, it is well-known that the time derivative of a 3 × 3 rotation matrix equals a skew-symmetric matrix multiplied by the rotation matrix where the skew symmetric matrix is a linear (matrix-valued) function of the angular velocity and the rotation matrix represents the rotating motion of a frame with respect to a reference frame. The equation is widely used in engineering, e.g., robotics, control, air/spacecraft modeling, etc. However, the derivations found in the literature are indirect. Motivated by the fact that the set of 3 × 3 rotation matrices, i.e., SO(3), is a Lie group, forming a smooth (differentiable) manifold, we describe the infinitesimal increment of the rotation matrix in terms of rotation matrices and show that the above equation immediately follows. Keywords—rotation; infinitesimal rotation; motion kinematics; composition of rotation